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Material binding C1q was found in the serum of both primarily infected Kra monkeys and post-vaccinated immune Rhesus monkeys following the onset of parasitaemia

Clemmensen Fogh
· 2 min read
Material binding C1q was found in the serum of both primarily infected Kra monkeys and post-vaccinated immune Rhesus monkeys following the onset of parasitaemia

The complexes then disappeared from the circulation of Kra monkeys despite continuing low-grade parasitaemia, but in Rhesus monkeys C1q binding material remained detectable for up to 3 weeks after apparent elimination of parasites. The ability of complexes to bind C1q was removed by reduction and alkylation and binding material was absorbed by staphylococcal protein A suggesting the presence of Ig. Further analysis of the binding material is required to fully establish its constitution and possible immunoregulatory function at different stages of infection in the two monkey species.Natural Infection and Postvaccination.coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in major worldwide disruption and loss of life over the last 2 years. Many research studies have shown waning serological SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibody titers over time, yet, it is unclear whether these changes are reflected in the potential functional reactivation of SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific memory B cells (MBC) populations.

This is especially true in the contexts of differing COVID-19 disease severity and after vaccination regimens. This study aimed to investigate these by polyclonal in vitro reactivation of MBC populations followed by analysis using SAR-CoV-2 antigen-specific B cell ELISpots and IgG antibody ELISAs. Natural disease-associated differences were investigated in 52 donors who have recovered from COVID-19 with varying disease severity, from asymptomatic to severe COVID-19 disease, accompanied by a longitudinal evaluation in a subset of donors. Overall, these data showed limited disease severity-associated differences between donor groups but did show that COVID-19 serologically positive donors had strong antigen-specific MBC-associated responses. MBC responses were better maintained 6 months after recovery from infection when compared to serological antigen-specific IgG antibody titers.  aloe emodin extraction  after vaccination using 14 donors showed robust serological antigen-specific antibody responses against spike protein that waned over time. MBC-associated responses against spike protein were also observed but showed less waning over time, indicating maintenance of a protective response 6 months after vaccination.

Further research is required to evaluate these putatively functional SARS-CoV-2-specific responses in the context of long-term protection mediated by vaccination against this of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College King's College London, United Kingdom.of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College Pregnancy: Implications for Maternal and Infant Immunity.infection has been associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, yet uptake of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines during pregnancy and lactation has been slow. As a result, millions of pregnant and lactating women and their infants remain susceptible to the virus. METHODS: We measured spike-specific immunoglobulin G (anti-S IgG) and immunoglobulin A (anti-S IgA) in serum and breastmilk (BM) samples from 3 prospective mother-infant cohorts recruited in 2 academic medical centers. The primary aim was to determine the impact of maternal SARS-CoV-2 immunization vs infection and their timing on systemic and mucosal immunity. RESULTS: The study included 28 mothers infected with SARS-CoV-2 in late pregnancy (INF), 11 uninfected mothers who received 2 doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine in the latter half of pregnancy (VAX-P), and 12 uninfected mothers who received 2 doses of BNT162b2 during lactation.

VAX dyads had significantly higher serum anti-S IgG compared to INF dyads (P < .0001), whereas INF mothers had higher BM:serum anti-S IgA ratios compared to VAX mothers (P = .0001). Median IgG placental transfer ratios were significantly higher in VAX-P compared to INF mothers (P < .0001). There was  Buy now  between maternal and neonatal serum anti-S IgG after vaccination (r = 0.68, P = .

013), but not infection.